Final季，又到了写Literature Review的时候了
发表时间:2018-04-24 08:39:43 作者:zhouzhengmao 阅读:175次
在这Final季，美伦论文网会推出一系列文章为大家讲解毕业论文的结构，分为哪几个部分，以及每一部分改如何写作，希望大家持续关注我们。
毕业论文和我们平时写的assignment相比，结构更为丰富，一共包含6个部分，分别是Introduction， Literature Review，Methodology， Findings， Discussion and Conclusions，毫无疑问，整个毕业论文的核心便是Literature Review，Methodology， Findings， Discussion这四个部分。今天我们就先来看看文献综述（Literature Review）怎么写。
首先来看看文献综述到底是什么。简言之
“ 文献综述是对被学术界认可的学者和研究人员就某一主题发表的内容进行说明和评价。”
因此，文献综述应该向读者（导师）传达出你所选择的研究课题（topic）已经建立的知识和想法，同时通过文献综述中对reference的讨论研究课题的主要学术来源。
e.g. Many earlier studies of purchasing behavior identified two orientations of hedonic shopping and utilitarian shopping which means shopping for fun, experience or shopping rationally and process-oriented approach to shopping (Hirschman and Holbrook, 1982:92; Babin et al. 1994:644). Recent studies add more variations to analyze purchasing behavior. Gonçalves and Sampaio (2012:1525) took gender, income, age and involvement as moderating variables for the investigation of credit card loyalty.
此外，在文献综述中还要对你所选择文献的长处（strengths）和局限性（weakness）进行评述，以便向导师展示这些出现在你毕设中的文献真的被你仔细认真的研究过。
下面就来看看，文献综述的目的是什么，也是在写这部分的时候都应该包含哪些内容。
文献综述指南（guidance）
/ 01 /
比较和对比不同研究者对某个问题的看法
相反的观点：e.g. Through analysis of 250 questionnaires toward one US college students about purchasing behavior of jeans, Bahng et al. (2013:367) considered major, gender and age as variables and pointed out that college students could be divided into three shopping styles. …… On the contrary, Osman et al. (2011:78) claimed that there was no significant difference between gender and buying behavior in university students.
同时也需要展示不同研究者中相似的观点，看法。
/ 02 /
批判性地评价其他作家的想法
e.g. However, the respondents interviewed in existing article were in age of 14 to 18, and particular product has been used during the investigation. It could hypothesize international university students from UK might have similar result but brand image might have larger influence to university students as they grew older.
/ 03 /
突出研究中的gap
e.g. These previous researches only concerned with students in different countries and not include international students attitude.
/ 04 /
显示你的研究如何与之前的研究相关
e.g. This research will investigate what factors that effects common attitude difference toward brand named products in international students. Therefore, previous researches could inform and guide the research or international students in UK, as gender, age, major, income (monthly expenditure)……
/ 05 /
以及定义并限制你即将着手要的问题
e.g. This research will also investigate effect of advertising and sales promotion in international university students in UK, and investigate which is the most effective for these students.
/ 06/
确定可能与您的项目相关的信息和想法
如果同学们写的literature review包含了上述所有的目的且逻辑清晰，那整片毕业论文妥妥的有了A的底色～
注意事项
1.文献综述不是
- 一个接一个地描述或总结一篇文献的清单。
- 也要避免每一段都出现研究人员名字的堆砌。
2. 链接词很重要
- 对具有相似观点的研究者进行分组的词汇包括：similarly, in addition, also
- 对具有相反观点的研究者进行分组的词汇包括：however, on the other hand, in contrast, nevertheless
