做好这些,提升英文论文写作质量不是梦!
发表时间:2018-05-12 10:02:54 作者:zhangxin 阅读:105次
很多留学生的论文没有通过有很多原因,其中一种可能是写作质量的瑕疵。所以什么是写作质量?其实就是将你的思想、研究以字面方式完整呈现。
即使写作质量并不完全显现研究的严谨与意义,但却会影响老师阅读。身为一个杰出的研究员和教授Dr. Paul T. Wong 在他的“7 Common Reasons Why Manuscripts Are Rejected,”中表明,只要看一眼论文就可以知道写作质量是否过关,因此写作质量将会是你论文的核心,以下利用两个影响论文水平的因素来分析:论文内容和写作质量。
论文内容
遵照一般论文内容规则就是将需要的内容放在适切的位置 (例: Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion)。 虽然大家会觉得论文本身应该就能够让大家了解到内容的重要性、背景、结果等等内容,然而事实上能够让论文拥有影响力的是写作本身,也就是每个单字、句法、上下行文、论证和逻辑与架构。 我们可以将论文内容再拆解成两大类:
Consistency of material: Is the material consistent and logical in its exposition? Does the title match the actual topic? Is the abstract up to date with all of the findings in the paper?
Inclusion of appropriate content: Is everything included that needs to be? Do the introductions, methods, results, and discussions sections include all of the necessary information?
一份2013年针对投稿至非洲和亚洲医药期刊的论文研究显示常出现的论文内容问题的范畴。42份论文被分析后,发现到每一个部分都有重大的瑕疵,连这些发表的期刊论文都能出现这么多问题,更不要说在校学生的写作水平了。在这些统计中显示:
将近68%的论文有 Introduction和Results的问题
86% 在Materials and Methods 部分有瑕疵
71%在Discussion部分有错误
该研究作者表示只有小部分的论文缺乏合法性或原创性,而相当大的一部分问题在结构、文法、拼写﹑技术性细节和风格。换句话说,你写的论文有时候不一定是结论出错,而是写作。除了上面的说法之外,还有其他充分的证据证明这是一个留学生需要重视的问题,尤其是影响因素高的学科。
论文内容检查清单:
建议同学们最好了解论文哪里最可能出现问题以及出现怎样的问题,把握状况之后,才能快速改善:
标题误导或模棱两可: 一个无法明确定义出研究范围的标题是相当致命的错误。
不精确的摘要: 摘要有时候在论文完成的前几个月就已经先写好了,因此在论文完成后,一定要重新比对过摘要,确保摘要与论文内容一致。
不完整的绪论: 没有将研究问题、假说或研究目标的足够资讯写进去,也时常缺少一或多个在结果或结论部分中的元素。
粗心的Method: 为了避免重写Method,许多人直接将其复制贴上,但这是自我剽窃。摘要与方法都必须更新以反映特定的现行研究设计与分析。除了特定情况之外,该列引用却没有列出的话,将被认定为自我剽窃。
省略结果: 为了遵守字数限制,有些作者会在论文中省略掉某些部分。如果研究结果为多样,就选择最重要的那一个,并详细说明。通常能够往回推到你研究问题的结果就是你应该要聚焦的部分。
没有逻辑的结论:
内容衔接有断层且缺乏有力的支持
内容过于广泛,跟结果关联性低
呈现方式有偏见
没有详细的解释关键结果
没有详细描述研究的限制
标题: 论文的战袍
标题是所有读者第一眼看到的部份,有些老师如果认为标题太长或很奇怪,也会成为你的扣分项,反过来,出色的标题能够让人留下好印象,增加成功的机率,进而提高老师对你的论文的印象印象好了,分数自然也会上去。 以下是建议参考的内容:
Keep it short—one recent study showed that articles with shorter titles are viewed and cited more frequently.
Don’t write in complete sentences when a phrase will work even better.
Never use abbreviations just to save space—it looks highly unprofessional and also won’t get as many keyword hits in a search.
Narrow the scope of your title—If your paper is a cross-sectional study of a gastrointestinal diseases in 70-80 year-olds in Seville, Spain, writing a title that reads “Disorders of the Stomach in Elderly Spanish People” is not going to give readers a good idea of what your paper really covers.
Strike a balance for the keywords–not too general, not too specific.
Narrow the scope of your title—If your paper is a cross-sectional study of a gastrointestinal diseases in 70-80 year-olds in Seville, Spain, writing a title that reads “Disorders of the Stomach in Elderly Spanish People” is not going to give readers a good idea of what your paper really covers
摘要: 论文的地图
摘要是论文的重点,因为许多期刊的编辑群会以标题跟摘要来决定是否整篇论文有阅读的价值,因此在草拟和修改摘要时,可以使用以下的建议:
How do you know when you’ve written enough information in the abstract? A simple rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you are another researcher doing a similar study. Then ask yourself: if your abstract was the only part of the paper you could access, would you be happy with the amount of information presented there? Does it tell the whole story about your study? If the answer is “no” then the abstract likely needs to be revised. Even better, give your abstract to another reader and ask them if they understand the important aspects of your study.
It is crucial to determine which type of abstract a given journal recommends or accepts. If you write an unstructured abstract when the journal calls for a structured one, or a descriptive type when it should be informative, you are not helping make a good impression on the journal editor.
Every journal has its own guidelines for abstracts. Whether it be formatting (schools of style, word count, heading rules, etc.) or preference for passive voice over active, the form and style of a journal’s manuscripts can be central to its identity and connecting to its readership and are thus strictly adhered to. A golden rule of journal submissions is to check the submissions guidelines of every journal you submit to.
The abstract should remain clear and free of any unnecessary or extraneous details. This includes…
Lengthy background information
References to other literature
Ellipses (“…”) or incomplete sentences
Visual aids or references to them
结论
我们已经一起看过几个可以改善论文的方法,同学们要做的就是将这些建议落实在你的论文当中,不只有内容,甚至架构到每个句子的文法跟选字,相信经过这个过程你一定会发现自己的论文质量提升很多。如果你还是不太放心质量,可以看看我们Meeloun的论文润色服务!你只需动动鼠标,或者动动拇指,就能轻松解决各种留学的难题。留学咨询、留学申请、留学文书、材料翻译,我们的服务都是全年无休的,品质和效率都能满足您的需求。