干货!老师最爱的ENG essay writing skills(上)
发表时间:2017-11-28 10:30:04 作者:zhangxin 阅读:185次

尽管莎士比亚说,“钢笔比剑还强”,但钢笔本身还不足以成为一个有效的作家。事实上,尽管我们可能都喜欢把自己看作是下一个莎士比亚,但是Meeloun小编认为灵感本身并不是有效essay写作的关键。你看,英文essay的惯例比你想象的更公式化,而且在很多方面,它可以像数到五个一样简单,思路条理更加清晰,语言精练,以使读者便于理解为主要目的。
The five paragraphs essay
虽然较为先进的essay属于自己的一个范畴,一般具有以下标准化的五段结构:
Paragraph 1: Introduction
Paragraph 2: Text 1
Paragraph 3: Text 2
Paragraph 4: Text 3
Paragraph 5: conclusion
虽然这看起来是公式化的 - 而且,这个结构背后的想法是让读者更容易浏览一篇essay中提出的观点。你看,如果你的essay与其他essay有相同的结构,任何读者都应该能够快速而方便地找到与他们最相关的信息。
具体该怎么做?接下来让我们细细道来!!!

Introduction
introduction的主要目的是为了提出what is your thesis?但有效的介绍性段落远不止于此。例如,在你拿到这篇essay之前,这篇文章应该从一个引起读者注意的切入点开始,让他们阅读。有效切入点的例子Including related quotes ("no one is born perfect") or surprising statistics ("three quarters of doctors report ...").
只有这样,读者的注意力才能被吸引,才能进入essay。这篇essay应该是对你的立场的一个明确的,一句话的解释,在读者的脑海中毫无疑问地从你的essay开头就知道你在站哪一方面。
在这篇essay之后,你应该提供一个Small outline,在本文的其余部分中预览你将用来支持essay的例子。这不仅告诉读者在段落中期待什么,而且也让他们对文章的内容有了更清晰的认识。
最后,以这种方式设计最后一个句子还有另一个好处,就是无缝地将读者移到文章essay的第一段。通过这种方式我们可以看到,基本的介绍不需要超过三到四个句子。如果你的时间更长,你可能要考虑编辑一下!
Here, by way of example, is an introductory paragraph to an essay on the following questions:
"Did we learn more from discovering ourselves mistaken or from our own success?
"No one is born perfect," so he is constantly shaped and influenced by his experience. When people make mistakes, they conclude and reflect on learning, so mistakes learn more than they succeed. To prove this point, consider examples of science and daily experience.

The body paragraphs
这篇文章的中段被统称为正文段,正如上文所提到的,正文段的主要目的是详细列出支持你essay evidence。
对于第一个正文段落,你应该使用你最强的论点或最重要的例子,unless需要一些其他更明显的开始点(如按时间顺序的解释)。这一段的第一句话应该是该段的主题句,它与介绍性段落小结中列举的例子直接相关。
However,仅仅引用“乔治·华盛顿”或“勒布朗·詹姆斯”的例子的一句话是不够的。不,在这之后,一个有效的文章会跟在这个主题的句子上,向读者详细地解释一个例子是什么样的,更重要的是,为什么这个例子是相关的。
例如
Even the best known example requires context. For example, George Washington's life is very complicated - follow him as an example, do you intend to mention his honesty, courage, and even his habits? Readers need to know this as a writer's work, drawing appropriate pictures for them. To do this, it is a good idea to provide the reader with five or six facts about the life (general) or events (especially) that you think most clearly state your point of view.
完成之后,您需要解释为什么这个例子证明了您的essay。这一步的重要性不能低估,毕竟,这是你提供evidence的全部原因。通过直接说明为什么这个例子是相关的来达成目的。
例如
以下是一个正文段的例子,以继续上面开始的文章:
For example, Thomas Edison. The famous American inventor rose because of his success in the late 19th century, but he even thought that these successes were the result of his failure. His first attempt, even his first attempt, failed to accomplish one of his most famous inventions, the light bulb. In fact, he spent more than 1,000 attempts to make the first incandescent bulb, but he learned a lot along the way. As he himself said, "I did not fail a thousand a thousand times, but succeeded in finding a thousand ways, and that did not work." Thus, Edison showed both inspiration and action both enlighteningly error.

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